child of relative caregiver means

As such, they are in need of support for day care and after-school care services. & Kakuska, C. (n.d). (2) The reference person is the point-person in the sampled household usually the owner or renter of record. A critical caveat to better understanding the growth of child-only cases is while the proportion of child-only cases is increasing nationally, the absolute number is relatively stable, from 743,000 in fiscal year 1998 to 787,000 in fiscal year 2001 (DHHS, 2002b). Several situations affecting the number of parental child-only cases offer possible explanations for the proportional growth of child-only cases overall. This information could help identify children and caregivers at increased risk and prioritize services. While kin is the term often used to describe potential caregivers biologically related to the child, some jurisdictions also recognize close friends or "fictive kin" who have a strong or significant relationship with the child and may meet the requirements for a prospective family. The eligibility processes in the three other states where the polices for relative caregiver cases are developed by the state's TANF unit Maryland, Oklahoma, and Washington are very similar. Guardianship Annie E. Casey Foundation Children in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Child - ASPE Washington, DC: The Urban Institute, Assessing the New Federalism Project. As described earlier, the sites visited in Wisconsin use kinship care workers located within the child welfare agency. Much of the research to date on relative care does not focus on children who receive child-only TANF grants, but rather on children in kinship care through the child welfare system. While the focus of case management in regular TANF cases is on parents' employment, training, and progress toward self-sufficiency, in child-only cases, relative caregivers are exempt from work requirements. ", "[Grandparents] are being asked to take on the responsibility of raising children in a different era. Strategies include case management, alternative service delivery approaches, enhanced financial support, and information and support for relative caregivers. However, little information exists to describe this population and how they are being served. Staff in a Washington local office reported that they typically could arrange immediate Medicaid coverage for relative caregiver cases. Nevada. While specific statistics were not available, all five states involved in the in-depth analysis consistently reported parents' drug use and incarceration as the primary reason leading to placement out of the home. The program offers subsidized child care, respite care for the caregiver, legal assistance, and training on how to deal with children with special needs. In the SIPP data, the TANFCOR group is an older group relative to the comparison groups. Also giving assistance with getting dressed, getting out of bed, help with eating, and incontinence. Some government programs pay family or friends of people with disabilities to help with daily activities including personal care, giving medicine, cooking, cleaning, and more. The payments are a maximum of $242 for children ages 0 to 5, $249 for children ages 6 to 12, and $298 for children ages 8 to 13. Table 2-4 summarizes these arrangements and the estimated number of children involved in each. Oklahoma. TANFCOR children were more likely to receive food stamps than FOSTER children, but less likely than TANFCOP children. The pilot began in one county in October 2000, and has expanded to five additional counties. Several counties in Wisconsin also have funds to cover emergencies and special needs of children in kinship care. For example, recent research indicates that child-only relative care cases typically are less disadvantaged and have more income than a standard TANF case (Wood and Strong, 2002; Farrell et al., 2000). If the woman had been living in Louisiana (and had appropriate custody for the two grandchildren), she could have applied for KCSP payments for the two grandchildren and a FITAP grant for the step-grandchild. However, data on the effects of these interventions is scarce. Study staff used these conversations to verify information obtained through the TANF state plans and to identify state initiatives addressing child-only relative caregiver cases. c. The placement and care responsibility of another state under 42 USC 675 (8) (B) (iv) until that state provides reimbursement for the placement of the child in a relative caregiver's home in Wisconsin. The LOWINC and OTHER groups were likely to be wealthier than KINCARE and TANFCOR groups, as well as having parental caregivers. Relative caregiver means an adult who, by blood, marriage or adoption, is the child 's great grandparent, grandparent, step grandparent, great aunt, aunt, step aunt, great uncle, uncle, step uncle, step parent, brother, sister, step brother, step sister, half brother, half sister, niece, nephew, first cousin or first cousin once removed but who . TANF programs, with their focus on economic self-sufficiency, lack the resources to respond to these needs. The lines between these two programs are flexible, and there are instances when a relative caregiver may choose to apply for FITAP instead of KCSP. DCF 58.02 (4) (b)3.c. Although families typically transition to assisted guardianship from kinship foster care, some states offer this option to voluntary caregivers as well. For example, in California, no matter what licensing standard a family meets, if the children in the relative home are not from a welfare-eligible family, the relative family cannot get a foster care payment, regardless of the relative family's own income. This payment is midway between the regular TANF payment and the foster care payment. The TANF child-only grant provides basic financial support to children cared for by relatives not legally responsible for them. Washington State Institute for Public Policy. Educational attainment you would like for your child, Graduate from high school or continue further. Chapel Hill, NC: Jordan Institute for Families. The study was conducted by RTI International and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Kinship foster care in context. TANF child-only grants thus support relative care arrangements both within and outside the child welfare system. U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). NSCAW provides a wide range of data on services received by the child (Table 3-7) and by the caregiver (Table 3-8). ", Many informants noted the need for counseling to help children deal with the experience of separation from their birth parents. Some were concerned that overburdened staff may miss the subtle needs of caregivers. GRAND Resource: Help for Grandfamilies Impacted by Opioids and Other Substance Use Diane Duquette Ascioti A few participants in different states reported having completed this procedure, either at great cost to themselves, or (in one case) by finding a lawyer willing to work pro bono to protect the relative children from their parents. Relative to other groups on TANF, the TANCOR group did not have the same rates of public coverage, whether for WIC, Food Stamps, or Medicaid. These strategies include tailoring intake and recertification procedures to meet the needs of relative caregivers, providing social support and resource networks for elderly caregivers, and offering supplemental funds to augment child-only TANF grants. In Oklahoma, TANF and child welfare are housed in two divisions within the Department of Human Services, with a common director at the local level. Paula Brown, Kinship Care Coordinator for Wisconsin, estimates that 20 percent of relative care cases are court-ordered (in child welfare agency custody). According to the 2017 Adoption and Foster Care Analysis Reporting System report, Federal statistics for the last day of Federal fiscal year 2016 show that 32 percent of As of April 2000, eight states had received federal approval to use Title IV-E foster care payments to support relative caregivers who are willing to assume legal guardianship of children in their care. Their work performance may also be affected by difficulties finding affordable day care or children's behavioral problems that interfere with their day care or school attendance. Service availability also varies according to whether a child is in formal or informal care. Caregivers provide necessary support to someone who, due to age, illness, disability, or some other factor, cannot care for themselves. In analyzing children in TANF child-only cases with relative caregivers, only the new panel that ran from 1996 to 2000 is relevant. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute. Maryland reports that relative caregivers are evenly divided between licensed and unlicensed (approved) status. While this assessment is more in-depth than any assessment reported by other states, it is still not a formal well-being assessment of the child or the family. Current National Survey of America's Families (NSAF) data indicate increasing numbers of children being cared for by relatives (Ehrle and Geen, 2002). Additionally, nonparent caregivers may choose to be included in the assistance unit, if eligible, and receive benefits for both the child and themselves. Missouri has even more complicated criteria for foster care payment eligibility. Kinship foster care providers thus have several possible levels of support when caring for children in state custody: federal foster care payment, state foster care payment, or child-only TANF. State welfare reform policies and maternal and child health services: A national study. Kinship Caregiving Options: Considerations for Caregivers (PDF - 4,440 KB), Grandfamilies & Kinship Support Network: A National Technical Assistance Center, Child Welfare Information Gateway is a service of the. Resources in this section include information on changing family dynamics, financial and legal supports, and permanency. (2000). For many of the service use categories, no significant differences were reported by different groups of children. As an intermediate strategy to offer children greater permanency without disrupting other family relationships, four of the five states visited offer subsidized guardianship arrangements for relatives willing to assume legal long-term responsibility for children. To further explore the characteristics of children in TANF child-only cases with relative caregivers, researchers analyzed data from two national surveys: the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Wellbeing and the Survey of Income and Program Participation. Additionally, informants in Oklahoma and Washington noted the prevalence of methamphetamine laboratories and substance abuse as a primary reason for relatives being called upon to care for the children of their kin. The relationship between responsive caregiving and child outcomes View Dr. Joseph Crumbleys websitefor more information about the six-part training series Inherent Strengths in Kinship Families. The DSHS unit on aging in Washington is involved with 42 support groups across the state. Scannapieco, M., & Hegar, R.L. New York: The Research Forum on Children, Families, and the New Federalism. Note that these are estimates, and that TANF agencies do not track child welfare involvement within their case loads. The discussion here parallels that of housing differences. Many of these states have substantial immigrant populations. Obviously, some attention to age patterns within comparison categories would be helpful in sorting out these differences. In Wisconsin, by contrast, children in TANF child-only cases with relative caregivers were managed from within the child welfare agency in the counties visited, although officials noted that this is not the case in every county. Although provisions vary by state, guardianships are typically available for relatives who have already been caring for the child for a specified period of time (6 months to 2 years). Under the Relative Caregiver Program, nonparent relatives can receive a cash payment each month to cover the cost of the child's basic needs. The California Department of Social Services (2001) implemented an initiative to examine the child-only cases present in CalWORKs (California's TANF program). The Kinship Care and Family Preservation pilot project provides increased financial support, emergency financial payments, and community linkages to children ages 0 through 18 who are residing with a self-supporting relative caregiver. Geen, R., Holcomb, P., Janz, A., Koralek, R., Leos-Urbel, J., & Malm, K. (2001). is selected, provide the definition of domestic partner in the For the most part, states that have developed a program to address child-only service needs have focused on the needs of the relative caregivers rather than on those of children. State Child Welfare Agency Survey. Relatives are the preferred resource for children who must be removed from their birth parents because it helps maintain the children's connections with their families, increases stability, and overall minimizes the trauma of family separation. Another said, "Grandparents have withdrawn applications because of child support enforcement. The case studies provide an in-depth look at policies and practices affecting children in TANF child-only cases with relative caregivers in five states. Depending on the state program boundaries, TANFCOR children may be similar to children in kinship foster care or foster care, but receiving fewer services and supports. Workers in all states acknowledged that cooperation with child support could be a barrier but that most relatives were willing to comply. Secondary analyses compare children in TANF child-only cases with relative caregivers to other children supported by TANF, and to other children in out-of-home care. No state is able to identify a single reason for the proportional increase in child-only cases, but the significant decline in the general TANF caseload appears to be the largest factor (from 4,553,000 in fiscal year 1996 to 2,121,000 in fiscal year 2001) (DHHS, 2002b). This section provides resources for kinship caregivers and outlines where relatives can go to find the support they need to be successful. The SIPP classification algorithm included 18 cases in which children lived with relative caregivers and the entire household received TANF in the TANFCOR group. The boxes with heavy borders in Figure 1-1 represent relative caregivers in informal kinship arrangements. Computer systems in Oklahoma and Washington allow some information sharing across child welfare and TANF agencies, although the systems are not fully integrated. Therefore, assistance for the child in a child-only case is potentially available until the child "ages out" of the program at age 18. For children outside the child welfare system, the determination of "at risk for protective services" is established as part of the kinship care intake worker's assessment. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. In some states, assisted guardianship arrangements represent an alternative payment source for both formal and informal kinship care providers. Possible advantages of placement with relatives include facilitation of identity formation, preservation of family ties, and increased visitation. Duncan, D. (2002). Researchers used an item on the interview of the child's current caregiver that asked for whom the TANF or AFDC benefits that were received by the household were provided. Alabama initiated a KinShare Pilot Program targeting vulnerable families with incomes less than or equal to 200 percent of the poverty level. While these children are not formally a part of the child welfare system, some may be receiving support services. ", Although children in child welfare custody are more likely to be assessed, and those assessments are more likely to be conducted by trained social workers, this process may also fall short of recommended standards. Greenberg, M.H., Levin-Epstein, J.L., Hutson, R.Q., Ooms, T.J., Schumacher, R., Turetsky, V., & Engstrom, D. (1999). In addition, many caseworkers also believe that placement with relatives is in the best interest of the child (DHHS, 1998). Thus, researchers created a database for each individual in the sample (adults and children, total = approximately 80,000) containing variables from core wave 9, and topical modules 2, 6, and 8. Oklahoma informants reported that most of the child-only cases come from the relative taking care of the children because a mother is incarcerated. Nevada has two programs relative to child-only cases. There is nothing else done with them." While procedures in Louisiana are similar to those in the three other states where relative caregiver policies are developed by the state's TANF policy unit, there are some slight differences. As the Kinship Care Coordinator in Wisconsin stated, "It becomes too easy to just leave the child placed with the relative, but that placement often does not offer the child any type of closure like adoption or reunification." While both KINCARE and TANFCOR families are caring for relative children, Table 3-10 shows that TANFCOR households are larger and more likely to be headed by grandparents rather than other relatives. Note: The Agency on Aging refers to the Grandparent or Older Individual Who Is a Relative Caregiver as a non-parent relative caregiver for the purposes of III-E Service Standards. Under PRWORA there is not federal law to define "relative caregivers," but rather individual state definitions. It is also noteworthy that while California, New York, and Texas all report less than half of their child-only cases as nonparental (Table 2-2), the large absolute number of total children in child-only cases in these three states (Table 2-3) means that the actual number of children living with a relative caregiver in these states may be similar to smaller states with a high proportion of nonparental child-only cases. Investigation of North Carolina's child-only cases found that 82 percent of the nonparental child-only cases reported children having lived with the caregiver continuously since last living with the biological parent (Duncan, 2002). (eds.) While children in child-only relative caregiver cases are dealing with the loss of a parent and previous traumatic experiences, caregivers often face substantial challenges as well. U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). Request for Information: Meeting the Child Care Needs in Tribal Nations It specifies that all grandparent caregivers can receive a foster care payment, but any other type of relative can receive foster care payments only if they are caring for children who come from a welfare-eligible family (Farrell et al., 2000). Survey of state TANF client assessment policies and practices: Satellite videoconference. The aging of some members . Enhanced services to this readily accessible population could yield substantial impact. Among children in foster care with relative caregivers in Washington, an estimated 10 percent are in the care of relative caregivers who are also licensed foster parents (Mayfield, Pennucci, and Lyon, 2002). California Department of Social Services. Caregiver FAQs - California Dept. of Social Services Nationally, the majority (63 percent) of children in child-only cases are children of the person listed as the head of household (indicating a parent present in the household). Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Room 415F To be eligible for KCSP, the relative caregiver must have some form of custody for the child.

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